|
Description
| Item:
|
Sunflower
Seeds |
| Latin
Name: |
Helianthus
Annuus |
| Family:
|
|
Background Information:
| The
wild sunflower is native to North America and was a common
crop among American Indian tribes throughout North America.
Evidence suggests that the plant was cultivated by Indians
in present-day Arizona and New Mexico about 3000 BC.
The North American
plant was taken to Europe by Spanish explorers around 1500.
The plant became widespread throughout present-day Europe,
mainly as an ornamental, but some medicinal uses were developed.
Russia commercialized the plant. By the early 19th
century, Russian farmers were growing over 2 million acres
of sunflower.
By the late 19th
century, Russian sunflower seed found its way back into
the U.S. The first commercial use of the sunflower crop
in the U.S. was silage feed for poultry. In 1926 the first
processing of sunflower seed into oil took place in Missouri.
|
Types Inshell:
Black
– this is the majority of sunflowers grown. It is mostly crushed
into oil. Small quantities are hulled (Oil kernels / Bakery Grade)
Striped
– this is the confectionary type mostly used for edible purposes,
both inshell and shelled
Types Shelled:
|
Confection
Kernels |
|
Oil
Kernels (Bakery Grade) |
|
Confection
Kernels, Roasted and Salted, or Roasted no Salt |
|
Edible
Chips |
Growing Regions:
U.S. (North Dakota,
South Dakota, Minnesota, Kansas, Texas, Colorado, California).
Argentina, Eastern
Europe, China, India
Harvest Times:
| U.S.
– September / October |
| Argentina
– March / April |
| China
– September / October |
| India
– September / October |
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| Product
Name: |
Sunflower
Seed Kernels |
| Proximates
|
|
Water
|
g
|
5.36
|
21
|
0.341
|
|
Energy
|
kcal
|
570
|
0
|
0
|
|
Energy
|
kj
|
2385
|
0
|
0
|
|
Protein
|
g
|
22.78
|
21
|
0.749
|
|
Total lipid (fat)
|
g
|
49.57
|
21
|
0.788
|
|
Ash
|
g
|
3.53
|
9
|
0.212
|
|
Carbohydrate, by difference
|
g
|
18.76
|
0
|
0
|
|
Fiber, total dietary
|
g
|
10.5
|
0
|
0
|
|
Sugars, total
|
g
|
2.62
|
0
|
0
| | Minerals
|
|
Calcium, Ca
|
mg
|
116
|
2
|
0
|
|
Iron, Fe
|
mg
|
6.77
|
2
|
0
|
|
Magnesium, Mg
|
mg
|
354
|
1
|
0
|
|
Phosphorus, P
|
mg
|
705
|
2
|
0
|
|
Potassium, K
|
mg
|
689
|
0
|
0
|
|
Sodium, Na
|
mg
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
|
Zinc, Zn
|
mg
|
5.06
|
2
|
0
|
|
Copper, Cu
|
mg
|
1.752
|
2
|
0
|
|
Manganese, Mn
|
mg
|
2.020
|
1
|
0
|
|
Selenium, Se
|
mcg
|
59.5
|
10
|
1.489
| | Vitamins
|
|
Vitamin C, total ascorbic acid
|
mg
|
1.4
|
0
|
0
|
|
Thiamin
|
mg
|
2.290
|
1
|
0
|
|
Riboflavin
|
mg
|
0.250
|
1
|
0
|
|
Niacin
|
mg
|
4.500
|
1
|
0
|
|
Pantothenic acid
|
mg
|
6.745
|
0
|
0
|
|
Vitamin B-6
|
mg
|
0.770
|
0
|
0
|
|
Folate, total
|
mcg
|
227
|
0
|
0
|
|
Folic acid
|
mcg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Folate, food
|
mcg
|
227
|
0
|
0
|
|
Folate, DFE
|
mcg_DFE
|
227
|
0
|
0
|
|
Vitamin B-12
|
mcg
|
0.00
|
0
|
0
|
|
Vitamin A, IU
|
IU
|
50
|
0
|
0
|
|
Vitamin A, RAE
|
mcg_RAE
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
|
Retinol
|
mcg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)
|
mg
|
34.50
|
2
|
0
|
|
Tocopherol, beta
|
mg
|
1.30
|
2
|
0
|
|
Tocopherol, gamma
|
mg
|
0.00
|
2
|
0
|
|
Tocopherol, delta
|
mg
|
0.00
|
2
|
0
|
|
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)
|
mcg
|
2.7
|
0
|
0
| | Lipids
|
|
Fatty acids, total saturated
|
g
|
5.195
|
0
|
0
|
|
4:0
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
6:0
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
8:0
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
10:0
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
12:0
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
14:0
|
g
|
0.051
|
14
|
0
|
|
16:0
|
g
|
2.795
|
169
|
0
|
|
18:0
|
g
|
2.202
|
169
|
0
|
|
Fatty acids, total monounsaturated
|
g
|
9.462
|
0
|
0
|
|
16:1 undifferentiated
|
g
|
0.049
|
15
|
0
|
|
18:1 undifferentiated
|
g
|
9.356
|
169
|
0
|
|
20:1
|
g
|
0.048
|
10
|
0
|
|
22:1 undifferentiated
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
Fatty acids, total polyunsaturated
|
g
|
32.735
|
0
|
0
|
|
18:2 undifferentiated
|
g
|
32.632
|
169
|
0
|
|
18:3 undifferentiated
|
g
|
0.069
|
12
|
0
|
|
18:4
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
20:4 undifferentiated
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
20:5 n-3
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
22:5 n-3
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
22:6 n-3
|
g
|
0.000
|
0
|
0
|
|
Cholesterol
|
mg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Phytosterols
|
mg
|
534
|
0
|
0
| | Amino acids
|
|
Tryptophan
|
g
|
0.348
|
25
|
0
|
|
Threonine
|
g
|
0.928
|
41
|
0
|
|
Isoleucine
|
g
|
1.139
|
41
|
0
|
|
Leucine
|
g
|
1.659
|
41
|
0
|
|
Lysine
|
g
|
0.937
|
44
|
0
|
|
Methionine
|
g
|
0.494
|
40
|
0
|
|
Cystine
|
g
|
0.451
|
26
|
0
|
|
Phenylalanine
|
g
|
1.169
|
40
|
0
|
|
Tyrosine
|
g
|
0.666
|
31
|
0
|
|
Valine
|
g
|
1.315
|
41
|
0
|
|
Arginine
|
g
|
2.403
|
35
|
0
|
|
Histidine
|
g
|
0.632
|
35
|
0
|
|
Alanine
|
g
|
1.117
|
26
|
0
|
|
Aspartic acid
|
g
|
2.446
|
26
|
0
|
|
Glutamic acid
|
g
|
5.579
|
26
|
0
|
|
Glycine
|
g
|
1.461
|
26
|
0
|
|
Proline
|
g
|
1.182
|
25
|
0
|
|
Serine
|
g
|
1.075
|
26
|
0
| | Other
|
|
Alcohol, ethyl
|
g
|
0.0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Caffeine
|
mg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Theobromine
|
mg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Carotene, beta
|
mcg
|
30
|
0
|
0
|
|
Carotene, alpha
|
mcg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Cryptoxanthin, beta
|
mcg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Lycopene
|
mcg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Lutein + zeaxanthin
|
mcg
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
USDA Nutrient Database
for Standard Reference, Release 12 (March 1998)
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|
